Below, we outline three key differences between these two permit types to help employers and employees better understand their options.

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1. Permit Eligibility

Critical Skills Employment Permit (CSEP)

To be eligible for a CSEP (among other criteria):

• The role must be listed on the critical skills occupation list; or
• The role may still qualify if the higher salary threshold is met, provided the role is not on the ineligible occupation list.

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General Employment Permit (GEP)

In contrast, the GEP has broader eligibility criteria:

• The role does not need to appear on a specific occupation list
• Any role may be eligible, provided it is not on the Ineligible Occupations List

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This makes the GEP a viable option for applicants whose role or salary does not meet the requirements for a CSEP.

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For both permits, employers and applicants should carefully review all eligibility criteria before proceeding.

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2. Joining Dependants

CSEP

Eligible dependants of a CSEP holder may:

• Apply to join the permit holder immediately
• Enter Ireland at the same time as the principal applicant (subject to approval)

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GEP

For GEP holders:

• Eligible dependants may only join after the permit holder has completed one year of legal employment in Ireland

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For individuals relocating with their immediate family, this distinction often makes the CSEP a more attractive route.

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3. Route to Stamp 4 Permission

Stamp 4 permission is a significant milestone in Ireland’s immigration system, as it is not tied to an employment permit and allows greater flexibility to change employers or roles.

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GEP Route to Stamp 4

• GEP holders may generally apply for Stamp 4 after five years of legal employment in Ireland

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CSEP Route to Stamp 4

• CSEP holders benefit from an accelerated route and are typically eligible to apply for Stamp 4 after two years

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Summary and Practical Considerations

The differences outlined above—particularly in relation to dependant eligibility and faster access to Stamp 4—generally make the Critical Skills Employment Permit more attractive for employees. That said, the General Employment Permit plays a vital role in enabling Irish employers to sponsor a wider range of roles that may not meet CSEP criteria. Selecting the correct permit route requires careful consideration of the role, salary, business needs, and the employee’s longer-term immigration objectives.

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In summary, while both permits enable non-EEA nationals to work in Ireland, the Critical Skills Employment Permit offers faster access to long-term residence and greater flexibility. The General Employment Permit remains a viable route for a broader range of roles, particularly where Critical Skills criteria are not met.

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Contact and Disclaimer

Should you have any questions regarding the above information, or require assistance with your immigration or global mobility matters, please don’t hesitate to contact our legal team at Hudson McKenzie. You can reach us by telephone at +44 (0) 20 3318 5794.

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For office locations, please visit our Our Offices page.

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The information provided in this blog is for general guidance only and does not constitute legal advice.

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