On 12th May 2025, the UK government published a white paper titled Restoring Control Over the Immigration System, setting out a series of proposals aimed at tightening migration policy. Among the most significant of these is a plan to increase the qualifying period for permanent residency, known as Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) from five to ten years.

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Under the proposals, the standard route to ILR will double in length, requiring most migrants to wait ten years before being eligible to settle permanently in the UK. However, this will not apply universally. Partners of British citizens, victims of domestic abuse, and individuals under the EU Settlement Scheme will continue to qualify after five years.

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A new “earned settlement” model is also being introduced. This would provide a shorter pathway to settlement for those who make significant contributions to the UK economy or society under the Points-Based System. The exact criteria for earning settlement under this scheme have not yet been set out and will form part of a consultation later this year.

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Implementation timeline

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As a white paper, this document does not change the law immediately. Instead, it sets out the government’s policy direction. A public consultation on the settlement reforms is expected later in 2025. While no fixed dates have been confirmed, the government has said that some proposals will be introduced “in the coming weeks,” with others phased in over the course of this Parliament (before the end of 2029).

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Crucially, the Home Secretary has indicated a desire to apply the changes “as swiftly as possible and to apply widely.” This may include individuals already in the UK on routes that currently lead to settlement after five years. The technical annex to the white paper also suggests that some current residents could be affected, though it is unclear how those close to qualifying under existing rules will be treated.

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What should you do now?

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Although the proposals are not yet in force, they signal a clear intent to recalibrate the UK’s immigration system over the coming years. Migrants currently in the UK who are working towards settlement, as well as employers sponsoring overseas staff, should begin reviewing their plans in light of these developments.

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With consultation expected later in 2025 and key decisions still to be made about how the earned settlement framework will work, now is the time to seek tailored legal advice. Whether you are already in the UK or planning to apply, understanding how these changes could affect your pathway to permanent residence is essential.

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Contact and Disclaimer

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Should you have any questions regarding the above information, or require assistance with your immigration or global mobility matters, please don’t hesitate to contact our legal team at Hudson McKenzie. You can reach us by email at londoninfo@hudsonmckenzie.com or by telephone at +44 (0) 20 3318 5794. For office locations, please visit our Our Offices page.

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The information provided in this blog is for general guidance only and does not constitute legal advice.